Excretory system of human beings


EXCRETORY SYSTEM OF HUMAN BEINGS

EXCRETION
The process of eliminating the waste materials from the body is called excretion.

Basically excretory system consists of 
Excretory system of man
two kidneys,
two ureters,
one urinary bladder and 
a small opening urethra.
KIDNEY
color: dark red
shape: bean shaped organ
location: placed behind the vertebral column
Measurements:
length: 12 cm
width: 6 cm
thickness: 3 cm
outer surface: convex
inner surface: concave
outer membrane:capsule
URETER
Two ureter connects the kidneys with the urinary bladder.It is tubular in structure.
URINARY BLADDER
shape:sac/pouch like 
function:temporary storage of urine
URETHRA
A small opening helps to eliminate the nitrogenous waste material in the form of liquid(i.e.,urine).
NEPHRON
Structural and functional unit of kidney.

It is made up of 5 parts:
  • Cup shaped Bowman's capsule
    • The proximal convoluted tubule
    • Henle's loop
    • The distal convoluted tubule
    • the collecting duct
    FUNCTIONS
    • excretes the nitrogenous wastes.
    • maintain the fluid and electrolyte balance of our body.
    • regulate acid-base balance of blood.
    • maintains osmotic pressure in blood and tissue.
    • retain important constituents like glucose and amino acids.

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